Why polls fail to predict elections

نویسندگان

چکیده

Abstract In the past decade we have witnessed failure of traditional polls in predicting presidential election outcomes across world. To understand reasons behind these failures analyze raw data a trusted pollster which failed to predict, along with rest pollsters, surprising 2019 Argentina. Analysis and re-weighted from longitudinal surveys performed before after elections reveals clear biases related mis-representation population and, most importantly, social-desirability biases, i.e., tendency respondents hide their intention vote for controversial candidates. We propose an opinion tracking method based on machine learning models big-data analytics social networks that overcomes limits polls. This includes three prediction loyalty classes users candidates, homophily measures re-weighting scenarios. The model achieves accurate results Argentina overwhelming victory candidate Alberto Fernández over incumbent president Mauricio Macri, while none pollsters was able predict large gap between them. Beyond political elections, framework is more general can be used discover trends society, instance, what people think about economics, education or climate change.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Big Data

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['2196-1115']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-021-00525-8